ADHD Medication Names
Stimulants increase the levels of brain chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine which are used to treat ADHD symptoms. They are available in immediate-release (short-acting) and extended-release tablets, liquid and patches.
Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta) and dextroamphetamine as well as dextro-amphe (Adderall) are examples of stimulants. Lisdexamfetamine is a different one and is available in a four-hour tablet or an extended-release capsule.
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Stimulants for ADHD are the most commonly used medicines and work well in about 70 to 80% of adults and children. These drugs increase hormones such as dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain, which help you to think clearly, pay more attention and control impulses. The majority of stimulants have a 30-minute effect. They can help you decrease interruptions, fidgeting, and finish tasks and improve your relationships. They won't stop you from suffering symptoms or side effects.
Stimulant medicines are available in both short- and long-acting dosages. Short-acting drugs peak after a few hours and require a minimum of three daily doses, while long-acting medications are only taken once a day. Some sufferers are prone to experiencing a "crash" when the effects of the drug wear off, which can cause an abrupt drop in mood and energy or a sudden surge of hunger. If this happens the doctor will prescribe an intermediate stimulant or switch you to a stronger medication.
Amphetamines are the most common stimulant medications for ADHD, but they also have a long history of misuse and abuse as recreational drugs or performance-enhancing substances. They are available in both prescription and over-the-counter forms however, when they are taken or smoked, they reach the brain quickly, causing an increase in energy and euphoria. They've been misused by students, athletes truck drivers, soldiers, and other athletes. In 2017, approximately two percent of Canadian students reported using amphetamines for non-medical reasons.
Methylphenidate is like amphetamines because it blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine out of the brain. It comes in immediate-release, extended-release and controlled-release oral tablets that are taken at least twice a day. Focalin is also the brand under which it's sold.
Atomoxetine, an FDA-approved medicine for ADHD that boosts the amount of noradrenaline found in your brain. It's available in a capsule or tablet that can be consumed once or twice a day. Atomoxetine is approved for use by adults and adolescents who are over 5 years old.
Other Medications for ADHD
Certain people find that stimulants do not work or have unpleasant adverse side effects. The doctor may consider other medications to treat ADHD. Nonstimulants (or a combination of stimulant and nonstimulant) may help improve your ability to concentrate, stay on task and manage your emotions. These include Strattera, Tenex (which will be discontinued in 2023), Kapvay, and Intuniv.
Finding the right ADHD medication may take some time, whether it is for you or your child. Talk to your doctor and be patient to find the appropriate dosage, medication and schedule for you. Use this chart to assist you remember the names of some of the most popular ADHD medications including stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse and non-stimulants like Strattera, Tenex, Intuniv and Qelbree. Click on each medicine for an in-depth breakdown of its side effects dosages, formulations, dosages and special factors to consider.